Presbyopia is the age-related loss of accommodation due to lens stiffness.

• A. Glaucoma-Related Optic Neuropathy
• B. Age-Related Loss Of Accommodation Due To Lens Stiffness
• C. Inflammation Of The Eyelid
• D. Increased Intraocular Pressure

Answer: (B)

Presbyopia reflects how aging changes the eye’s focusing mechanism. Accommodation is the process by which the eye increases its optical power to focus on near objects, mainly by the lens becoming more curved when the ciliary muscle contracts. As people age, the crystalline lens stiffens and loses elasticity, so it can’t thicken (increase curvature) as well when trying to focus up close. Even though the ciliary muscle may still contract, the lens can’t adapt enough, and near vision becomes blurry. This typically begins in the 40s and progresses gradually, which is why reading or close-up work becomes harder unless corrected with reading glasses, multifocal lenses, or other options.

The other options describe different eye problems. Glaucoma-related optic neuropathy affects the optic nerve and vision field, not accommodation. Inflammation of the eyelid is blepharitis, unrelated to focusing. Increased intraocular pressure is a risk factor for glaucoma, not a description of presbyopia.